LatentDirichletAllocation#
- class sklearn.decomposition.LatentDirichletAllocation(n_components=10, *, doc_topic_prior=None, topic_word_prior=None, learning_method='batch', learning_decay=0.7, learning_offset=10.0, max_iter=10, batch_size=128, evaluate_every=-1, total_samples=1000000.0, perp_tol=0.1, mean_change_tol=0.001, max_doc_update_iter=100, n_jobs=None, verbose=0, random_state=None)[source]#
Latent Dirichlet Allocation with online variational Bayes algorithm.
The implementation is based on [1] and [2].
Added in version 0.17.
Read more in the User Guide.
- Parameters:
- n_componentsint, default=10
Number of topics.
Changed in version 0.19:
n_topics
was renamed ton_components
- doc_topic_priorfloat, default=None
Prior of document topic distribution
theta
. If the value is None, defaults to1 / n_components
. In [1], this is calledalpha
.- topic_word_priorfloat, default=None
Prior of topic word distribution
beta
. If the value is None, defaults to1 / n_components
. In [1], this is calledeta
.- learning_method{‘batch’, ‘online’}, default=’batch’
Method used to update
_component
. Only used infit
method. In general, if the data size is large, the online update will be much faster than the batch update.Valid options:
‘batch’: Batch variational Bayes method. Use all training data in each EM update. Old
components_
will be overwritten in each iteration.‘online’: Online variational Bayes method. In each EM update, use mini-batch of training data to update the
components_
variable incrementally. The learning rate is controlled by thelearning_decay
and thelearning_offset
parameters.
Changed in version 0.20: The default learning method is now
"batch"
.- learning_decayfloat, default=0.7
It is a parameter that control learning rate in the online learning method. The value should be set between (0.5, 1.0] to guarantee asymptotic convergence. When the value is 0.0 and batch_size is
n_samples
, the update method is same as batch learning. In the literature, this is called kappa.- learning_offsetfloat, default=10.0
A (positive) parameter that downweights early iterations in online learning. It should be greater than 1.0. In the literature, this is called tau_0.
- max_iterint, default=10
The maximum number of passes over the training data (aka epochs). It only impacts the behavior in the
fit
method, and not thepartial_fit
method.- batch_sizeint, default=128
Number of documents to use in each EM iteration. Only used in online learning.
- evaluate_everyint, default=-1
How often to evaluate perplexity. Only used in
fit
method. set it to 0 or negative number to not evaluate perplexity in training at all. Evaluating perplexity can help you check convergence in training process, but it will also increase total training time. Evaluating perplexity in every iteration might increase training time up to two-fold.- total_samplesint, default=1e6
Total number of documents. Only used in the
partial_fit
method.- perp_tolfloat, default=1e-1
Perplexity tolerance. Only used when
evaluate_every
is greater than 0.- mean_change_tolfloat, default=1e-3
Stopping tolerance for updating document topic distribution in E-step.
- max_doc_update_iterint, default=100
Max number of iterations for updating document topic distribution in the E-step.
- n_jobsint, default=None
The number of jobs to use in the E-step.
None
means 1 unless in ajoblib.parallel_backend
context.-1
means using all processors. See Glossary for more details.- verboseint, default=0
Verbosity level.
- random_stateint, RandomState instance or None, default=None
Pass an int for reproducible results across multiple function calls. See Glossary.
- Attributes:
- components_ndarray of shape (n_components, n_features)
Variational parameters for topic word distribution. Since the complete conditional for topic word distribution is a Dirichlet,
components_[i, j]
can be viewed as pseudocount that represents the number of times wordj
was assigned to topici
. It can also be viewed as distribution over the words for each topic after normalization:model.components_ / model.components_.sum(axis=1)[:, np.newaxis]
.- exp_dirichlet_component_ndarray of shape (n_components, n_features)
Exponential value of expectation of log topic word distribution. In the literature, this is
exp(E[log(beta)])
.- n_batch_iter_int
Number of iterations of the EM step.
- n_features_in_int
Number of features seen during fit.
Added in version 0.24.
- feature_names_in_ndarray of shape (
n_features_in_
,) Names of features seen during fit. Defined only when
X
has feature names that are all strings.Added in version 1.0.
- n_iter_int
Number of passes over the dataset.
- bound_float
Final perplexity score on training set.
- doc_topic_prior_float
Prior of document topic distribution
theta
. If the value is None, it is1 / n_components
.- random_state_RandomState instance
RandomState instance that is generated either from a seed, the random number generator or by
np.random
.- topic_word_prior_float
Prior of topic word distribution
beta
. If the value is None, it is1 / n_components
.
See also
sklearn.discriminant_analysis.LinearDiscriminantAnalysis
A classifier with a linear decision boundary, generated by fitting class conditional densities to the data and using Bayes’ rule.
References
[1] (1,2,3)“Online Learning for Latent Dirichlet Allocation”, Matthew D. Hoffman, David M. Blei, Francis Bach, 2010 blei-lab/onlineldavb
[2]“Stochastic Variational Inference”, Matthew D. Hoffman, David M. Blei, Chong Wang, John Paisley, 2013
Examples
>>> from sklearn.decomposition import LatentDirichletAllocation >>> from sklearn.datasets import make_multilabel_classification >>> # This produces a feature matrix of token counts, similar to what >>> # CountVectorizer would produce on text. >>> X, _ = make_multilabel_classification(random_state=0) >>> lda = LatentDirichletAllocation(n_components=5, ... random_state=0) >>> lda.fit(X) LatentDirichletAllocation(...) >>> # get topics for some given samples: >>> lda.transform(X[-2:]) array([[0.00360392, 0.25499205, 0.0036211 , 0.64236448, 0.09541846], [0.15297572, 0.00362644, 0.44412786, 0.39568399, 0.003586 ]])
- fit(X, y=None)[source]#
Learn model for the data X with variational Bayes method.
When
learning_method
is ‘online’, use mini-batch update. Otherwise, use batch update.- Parameters:
- X{array-like, sparse matrix} of shape (n_samples, n_features)
Document word matrix.
- yIgnored
Not used, present here for API consistency by convention.
- Returns:
- self
Fitted estimator.
- fit_transform(X, y=None, **fit_params)[source]#
Fit to data, then transform it.
Fits transformer to
X
andy
with optional parametersfit_params
and returns a transformed version ofX
.- Parameters:
- Xarray-like of shape (n_samples, n_features)
Input samples.
- yarray-like of shape (n_samples,) or (n_samples, n_outputs), default=None
Target values (None for unsupervised transformations).
- **fit_paramsdict
Additional fit parameters.
- Returns:
- X_newndarray array of shape (n_samples, n_features_new)
Transformed array.
- get_feature_names_out(input_features=None)[source]#
Get output feature names for transformation.
The feature names out will prefixed by the lowercased class name. For example, if the transformer outputs 3 features, then the feature names out are:
["class_name0", "class_name1", "class_name2"]
.- Parameters:
- input_featuresarray-like of str or None, default=None
Only used to validate feature names with the names seen in
fit
.
- Returns:
- feature_names_outndarray of str objects
Transformed feature names.
- get_metadata_routing()[source]#
Get metadata routing of this object.
Please check User Guide on how the routing mechanism works.
- Returns:
- routingMetadataRequest
A
MetadataRequest
encapsulating routing information.
- get_params(deep=True)[source]#
Get parameters for this estimator.
- Parameters:
- deepbool, default=True
If True, will return the parameters for this estimator and contained subobjects that are estimators.
- Returns:
- paramsdict
Parameter names mapped to their values.
- partial_fit(X, y=None)[source]#
Online VB with Mini-Batch update.
- Parameters:
- X{array-like, sparse matrix} of shape (n_samples, n_features)
Document word matrix.
- yIgnored
Not used, present here for API consistency by convention.
- Returns:
- self
Partially fitted estimator.
- perplexity(X, sub_sampling=False)[source]#
Calculate approximate perplexity for data X.
Perplexity is defined as exp(-1. * log-likelihood per word)
Changed in version 0.19: doc_topic_distr argument has been deprecated and is ignored because user no longer has access to unnormalized distribution
- Parameters:
- X{array-like, sparse matrix} of shape (n_samples, n_features)
Document word matrix.
- sub_samplingbool
Do sub-sampling or not.
- Returns:
- scorefloat
Perplexity score.
- score(X, y=None)[source]#
Calculate approximate log-likelihood as score.
- Parameters:
- X{array-like, sparse matrix} of shape (n_samples, n_features)
Document word matrix.
- yIgnored
Not used, present here for API consistency by convention.
- Returns:
- scorefloat
Use approximate bound as score.
- set_output(*, transform=None)[source]#
Set output container.
See Introducing the set_output API for an example on how to use the API.
- Parameters:
- transform{“default”, “pandas”, “polars”}, default=None
Configure output of
transform
andfit_transform
."default"
: Default output format of a transformer"pandas"
: DataFrame output"polars"
: Polars outputNone
: Transform configuration is unchanged
Added in version 1.4:
"polars"
option was added.
- Returns:
- selfestimator instance
Estimator instance.
- set_params(**params)[source]#
Set the parameters of this estimator.
The method works on simple estimators as well as on nested objects (such as
Pipeline
). The latter have parameters of the form<component>__<parameter>
so that it’s possible to update each component of a nested object.- Parameters:
- **paramsdict
Estimator parameters.
- Returns:
- selfestimator instance
Estimator instance.
- transform(X)[source]#
Transform data X according to the fitted model.
Changed in version 0.18:
doc_topic_distr
is now normalized.- Parameters:
- X{array-like, sparse matrix} of shape (n_samples, n_features)
Document word matrix.
- Returns:
- doc_topic_distrndarray of shape (n_samples, n_components)
Document topic distribution for X.
Gallery examples#
Topic extraction with Non-negative Matrix Factorization and Latent Dirichlet Allocation