Demo of DBSCAN clustering algorithm

Finds core samples of high density and expands clusters from them.

import numpy as np

from sklearn.cluster import DBSCAN
from sklearn import metrics
from sklearn.datasets import make_blobs
from sklearn.preprocessing import StandardScaler

Generate sample data

centers = [[1, 1], [-1, -1], [1, -1]]
X, labels_true = make_blobs(
    n_samples=750, centers=centers, cluster_std=0.4, random_state=0
)

X = StandardScaler().fit_transform(X)

Compute DBSCAN

db = DBSCAN(eps=0.3, min_samples=10).fit(X)
core_samples_mask = np.zeros_like(db.labels_, dtype=bool)
core_samples_mask[db.core_sample_indices_] = True
labels = db.labels_

# Number of clusters in labels, ignoring noise if present.
n_clusters_ = len(set(labels)) - (1 if -1 in labels else 0)
n_noise_ = list(labels).count(-1)

print("Estimated number of clusters: %d" % n_clusters_)
print("Estimated number of noise points: %d" % n_noise_)
print("Homogeneity: %0.3f" % metrics.homogeneity_score(labels_true, labels))
print("Completeness: %0.3f" % metrics.completeness_score(labels_true, labels))
print("V-measure: %0.3f" % metrics.v_measure_score(labels_true, labels))
print("Adjusted Rand Index: %0.3f" % metrics.adjusted_rand_score(labels_true, labels))
print(
    "Adjusted Mutual Information: %0.3f"
    % metrics.adjusted_mutual_info_score(labels_true, labels)
)
print("Silhouette Coefficient: %0.3f" % metrics.silhouette_score(X, labels))

Estimated number of clusters: 3
Estimated number of noise points: 18
Homogeneity: 0.953
Completeness: 0.883
V-measure: 0.917
Adjusted Rand Index: 0.952
Adjusted Mutual Information: 0.916
Silhouette Coefficient: 0.626

Plot result

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

# Black removed and is used for noise instead.
unique_labels = set(labels)
colors = [plt.cm.Spectral(each) for each in np.linspace(0, 1, len(unique_labels))]
for k, col in zip(unique_labels, colors):
    if k == -1:
        # Black used for noise.
        col = [0, 0, 0, 1]

    class_member_mask = labels == k

    xy = X[class_member_mask & core_samples_mask]
    plt.plot(
        xy[:, 0],
        xy[:, 1],
        "o",
        markerfacecolor=tuple(col),
        markeredgecolor="k",
        markersize=14,
    )

    xy = X[class_member_mask & ~core_samples_mask]
    plt.plot(
        xy[:, 0],
        xy[:, 1],
        "o",
        markerfacecolor=tuple(col),
        markeredgecolor="k",
        markersize=6,
    )

plt.title("Estimated number of clusters: %d" % n_clusters_)
plt.show()