sklearn.impute.SimpleImputer

class sklearn.impute.SimpleImputer(*, missing_values=nan, strategy='mean', fill_value=None, verbose=0, copy=True, add_indicator=False)[source]

Imputation transformer for completing missing values.

Read more in the User Guide.

New in version 0.20: SimpleImputer replaces the previous sklearn.preprocessing.Imputer estimator which is now removed.

Parameters
missing_valuesnumber, string, np.nan (default) or None

The placeholder for the missing values. All occurrences of missing_values will be imputed. For pandas’ dataframes with nullable integer dtypes with missing values, missing_values should be set to np.nan, since pd.NA will be converted to np.nan.

strategystring, default=’mean’

The imputation strategy.

  • If “mean”, then replace missing values using the mean along each column. Can only be used with numeric data.

  • If “median”, then replace missing values using the median along each column. Can only be used with numeric data.

  • If “most_frequent”, then replace missing using the most frequent value along each column. Can be used with strings or numeric data.

  • If “constant”, then replace missing values with fill_value. Can be used with strings or numeric data.

New in version 0.20: strategy=”constant” for fixed value imputation.

fill_valuestring or numerical value, default=None

When strategy == “constant”, fill_value is used to replace all occurrences of missing_values. If left to the default, fill_value will be 0 when imputing numerical data and “missing_value” for strings or object data types.

verboseinteger, default=0

Controls the verbosity of the imputer.

copyboolean, default=True

If True, a copy of X will be created. If False, imputation will be done in-place whenever possible. Note that, in the following cases, a new copy will always be made, even if copy=False:

  • If X is not an array of floating values;

  • If X is encoded as a CSR matrix;

  • If add_indicator=True.

add_indicatorboolean, default=False

If True, a MissingIndicator transform will stack onto output of the imputer’s transform. This allows a predictive estimator to account for missingness despite imputation. If a feature has no missing values at fit/train time, the feature won’t appear on the missing indicator even if there are missing values at transform/test time.

Attributes
statistics_array of shape (n_features,)

The imputation fill value for each feature. Computing statistics can result in np.nan values. During transform, features corresponding to np.nan statistics will be discarded.

indicator_sklearn.impute.MissingIndicator

Indicator used to add binary indicators for missing values. None if add_indicator is False.

See also

IterativeImputer

Multivariate imputation of missing values.

Notes

Columns which only contained missing values at fit are discarded upon transform if strategy is not “constant”.

Examples

>>> import numpy as np
>>> from sklearn.impute import SimpleImputer
>>> imp_mean = SimpleImputer(missing_values=np.nan, strategy='mean')
>>> imp_mean.fit([[7, 2, 3], [4, np.nan, 6], [10, 5, 9]])
SimpleImputer()
>>> X = [[np.nan, 2, 3], [4, np.nan, 6], [10, np.nan, 9]]
>>> print(imp_mean.transform(X))
[[ 7.   2.   3. ]
 [ 4.   3.5  6. ]
 [10.   3.5  9. ]]

Methods

fit(X[, y])

Fit the imputer on X.

fit_transform(X[, y])

Fit to data, then transform it.

get_params([deep])

Get parameters for this estimator.

set_params(**params)

Set the parameters of this estimator.

transform(X)

Impute all missing values in X.
__init__(*, missing_values=nan, strategy='mean', fill_value=None, verbose=0, copy=True, add_indicator=False)[source]

Initialize self. See help(type(self)) for accurate signature.

fit(X, y=None)[source]

Fit the imputer on X.

Parameters
X{array-like, sparse matrix}, shape (n_samples, n_features)

Input data, where n_samples is the number of samples and n_features is the number of features.

Returns
selfSimpleImputer
fit_transform(X, y=None, **fit_params)[source]

Fit to data, then transform it.

Fits transformer to X and y with optional parameters fit_params and returns a transformed version of X.

Parameters
X{array-like, sparse matrix, dataframe} of shape (n_samples, n_features)
yndarray of shape (n_samples,), default=None

Target values.

**fit_paramsdict

Additional fit parameters.

Returns
X_newndarray array of shape (n_samples, n_features_new)

Transformed array.

get_params(deep=True)[source]

Get parameters for this estimator.

Parameters
deepbool, default=True

If True, will return the parameters for this estimator and contained subobjects that are estimators.

Returns
paramsmapping of string to any

Parameter names mapped to their values.

set_params(**params)[source]

Set the parameters of this estimator.

The method works on simple estimators as well as on nested objects (such as pipelines). The latter have parameters of the form <component>__<parameter> so that it’s possible to update each component of a nested object.

Parameters
**paramsdict

Estimator parameters.

Returns
selfobject

Estimator instance.

transform(X)[source]

Impute all missing values in X.

Parameters
X{array-like, sparse matrix}, shape (n_samples, n_features)

The input data to complete.